tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Response of the Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) root system to changing humidity and temperature conditions of the sit"

Tuyển tập những bài báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học hay nhất được đăng trên tạp chí JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE đề tài: Response of the Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) root system to changing humidity and temperature conditions of the site. | JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE 54 2008 6 245-254 Response of the Norway spruce Picea abies L. Karst. root system to changing humidity and temperature conditions of the site O. Mauer R. Bagár E. Palátová Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno Brno Czech Republic ABSTRACT The Bohemian-Moravian Upland shows a large-scale decline and dieback of Norway spruce up to the forest altitudinal vegetation zone FAVZ 5. This phenomenon has been observed in the last 7 years and its progress is rapid. Healthy declining and standing dry trees of equal height were mutually compared in nine forest stands aged 3-73 years . These parameters were measured increment dynamics root system architecture biomass fine root vitality and mycorrhiza infestation by biotic and abiotic agents. Analyses were done for 414 trees soil characteristics and weather course data covered the period 1961-2004. Warming and precipitation deficit are the predisposition factors. Weakened trees are aggressively infested by the honey fungus Armillaria mellea and they die from root rots. In this paper we describe the mechanism of damage to and dieback of the spruce trees concerned. Keywords Norway spruce decline climate change root system rots In spite of the fact that Norway spruce is a climax species of higher and mountain altitudes it presently occurs in all forest altitudinal vegetation zones and in most forest sites of the Czech Republic its spread having been induced by the purpose-oriented and artificial cultivation by humans. At the present time spruce stands take up over 40 000 ha in FAVZs 1 and 2 and over 500 000 ha only in water-unaffected sites in FAVZs 3 and 4. Although the spruce was planted up to the very boundary of its ecovalence its emergence did not bring any serious problems until the end of the last century. In the case of large-scale disasters wind snow insects the spruce stands did not exhibit any decline and the disasters were ascribed to the .

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