tailieunhanh - THE FATAL CONCEIT The Errors of Socialism phần 3

các trường hợp mà chúng ta đang sống, họ có thể phá hủy, có lẽ mãi mãi, không chỉ phát triển cá nhân và các tòa nhà và nghệ thuật và thành phố (mà chúng ta từ lâu đã được biết đến là dễ bị tổn thương quyền hạn phá hoại đạo đức và ý thức hệ của các loại khác nhau), mà còn truyền thống, tổ chức, và mối tương quan mà không có sáng tạo như vậy khó có thể đi vào được hoặc bao giờ được tái tạo | THE FATAL CONCEIT the circumstances in which we live they may destroy perhaps forever not only developed individuals and buildings and art and cities which we have long known to be vulnerable to the destructive powers of moralities and ideologies of various sorts but also traditions institutions and interrelations without which such creations could hardly have come into being or ever be recreated. 28 TWO THE ORIGINS OF LIBERTY PROPERTY AND JUSTICE Nobody is at liberty to attack several property and to say that he values civilisation. The history of the two cannot be disentangled. Henry Sumner Maine Property . is therefore inseparable from human economy in its social form. Carl Menger Men are qualified for civil liberties in exact proportion to their disposition to put moral chains upon their appetites in proportion as their love of justice is above their rapacity. Edmund Burke Freedom and the Extended Order If morals and tradition rather than intelligence and calculating reason lifted men above the savages the distinctive foundations of modern civilisation were laid in antiquity in the region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. There possibilities of long-distance trade gave to those communities whose individuals were allowed to make free use of their individual knowledge an advantage over those in which common local knowledge or that of a ruler determined the activities of all. So far as we know the Mediterranean region was the first to see the acceptance of a person s right to dispose over a recognised private domain thus allowing individuals to develop a dense network of commercial relations among different communities. Such a network worked independently of the views and desires of local chiefs for the movements of naval traders could hardly be centrally directed in those days. If we may accept the account of a highly respected authority and one certainly not biased in favour of the market order the Graeco-Roman world was essentially and precisely one of private