tailieunhanh - Báo cáo sinh học: "The ribosome returned"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học Journal of Biology đề tài: The ribosome returned. | Journal of Biology BioMed Central Review The ribosome returned Peter B Moore Address Department of Chemistry Yale University New Haven CT 06520-8107 USA. Email Published 26 January 2009 Journal of Biology 2009 8 8 doi jbiol103 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http content 8 1 8 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Since the mid-1990s insights obtained from electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography have transformed our understanding of how the most important ribozyme in the cell the ribosome catalyzes protein synthesis. This review provides a brief account of how this structural revolution came to pass and the impact it has had on our understanding of how the ribosome decodes messenger RNAs. About 20 years ago for reasons now lost in the mists of the 20th century I wrote a review about the ribosome for Nature 1 . Ribosomes had been discovered in the mid-1950s and until the late 1960s ribosome research was a major part of molecular biology. By the late 1960s it had emerged that ribosomes are the polymerases that catalyze protein synthesis under mRNA control. Satisfied with that level of understanding most who had worked on protein synthesis during the golden age of molecular biology sought greener pastures in the years thereafter and interest in the ribosome waned. The thesis of my review which was entitled The ribosome returns was that the ribosome field was poised for advances so dramatic that it would regain the prominence it had last enjoyed in the mid-1960s. In 1988 there were two reasons for optimism. First the discovery of ribozymes in the late 1970s had stimulated the interest of biochemists and molecular biologists in RNA-containing objects generally and the ribosome is the most important RNA-containing object of them all. Second the shortage of structural information that had for so long plagued the ribosome field seemed ready to end. A month or so ago I agreed to .