tailieunhanh - The Complete Aristotle - Phylosophy

Things are said to be named ‘equivocally’ when, though they have a common name, the definition corresponding with the name differs for each. Thus, a real man and a figure in a picture can both lay claim to the name ‘animal’; yet these are equivocally so named, for, though they have a common name, the definition corresponding with the name differs for each. For should any one define in what sense each is an animal, his definition in the one case will be appropriate to that case only. On the other hand, things are said to be named ‘univocally’ which have both the name and the definition answering. | feedboo is The Complete Aristotle Aristotle Published -322 Categorie s Non-Fiction Philosophy Source http a aristotle 1 About Aristotle Aristotle 384 BC - 322 BC was a Greek philosopher a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects including physics metaphysics poetry theater music logic rhetoric politics government ethics biology and zoology. Together with Plato and Socrates Plato s teacher Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. Aristotle s writings constitute a first at creating a comprehensive system of Western philosophy encompassing morality and aesthetics logic and science politics and metaphysics. Aristotle s views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship and their influence extended well into the Renaissance although they were ultimately replaced by Newtonian physics. In the biological sciences some of his observations were confirmed to be accurate only in the nineteenth century. His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic which was incorporated in the late nineteenth century into modern formal logic. In metaphysics Aris-totelianism had a profound influence on philosophical and theological thinking in the Islamic and Jewish traditions in the Middle Ages and it continues to influence Christian theology especially Eastern Orthodox theology and the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church. His ethics though always influential gained renewed interest with the modern advent of virtue ethics. All aspects of Aristotle s philosophy continue to be the object of active academic study today. Though Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises and dialogues Cicero described his literary style as a river of gold it is thought that the majority of his writings are now lost and only about one-third of the original works have survived. Despite the far-reaching appeal that Aristotle s works have traditionally enjoyed today modern .