tailieunhanh - Air pollution during the 2003 European heat wave as seen by MOZAIC airliners

Almost all motorized transportation today involves the combustion of fossil fuels, which produces energy to be transformed into motion. This combustion is the reaction of the hydrogen and carbon present in the fuels with oxygen in the air to produce–in the ideal world–water vapour (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Neither of these products is damaging to human health. However, CO2 is the principal gas responsible for the “greenhouse” effect, an increase in the average temperature of the planet resulting from the trapping of solar energ y, with which the increased presence of this gas in the atmosphere is. | Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 7 15911-15954 2007 7 15911 2007 Author s 2007. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ACPD 7 15911-15954 2007 Pollution during 2003 European heat wave M. Tressol et al. Air pollution during the 2003 European heat wave as seen by MOZAIC airliners 1 1 1 1 1 1 . Tressol C. Ordonez R. Zbinden V. Thouret C. Mari P. Nedelec . Cammas1 H. Smit2 . Patz2 and A. Volz-Thomas2 1Laboratoire d Aerologie UMR 5560 CNRS Universite de Toulouse 14 Avenue E. Belin 31400 Toulouse France 2Institut fur Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphare II Troposphare Forschungszentrum Julich Julich Germany Received 17 September 2007 - Accepted 11 October 2007 - Published 13 November 2007 Correspondence to M. Tressol Title Page Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures H 1 Back Close Full Screen Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion 15911 EGU Abstract 5 10 15 20 25 This study presents an analysis of both MOZAIC profiles above Frankfurt and Lagrangian dispersion model simulations for the 2003 European heat wave. The comparison of MOZAIC measurements in summer 2003 with the 11-year MOZAIC climatology reflects strong temperature anomalies exceeding 4 C throughout the lower troposphere. Higher positive anomalies of temperature and negative anomalies of both wind speed and relative humidity are found for the period defined here as the heat wave 2-14 August 2003 compared to the periods before 16-31 July 2003 and after 16-31 August 2003 the heat wave. In addition Lagrangian model simulations in backward mode indicate the suppressed long-range transport in the mid- to lower troposphere and the enhanced southern origin of air masses for all tropospheric levels during the heat wave. Ozone and carbon monoxide also present strong anomalies both 40ppbv during the heat wave with a maximum vertical extension reaching 6 km altitude .