tailieunhanh - TO THE 1979 CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION ON HEAVY METALS

The development of a strategy involves the selection of a coherent set of measures which, taken together, will reduce the emissions of transport pollutants. These measures can be technology-oriented, targeting the vehicles and fuels used and maintenance practices within the sector, or they can be behavioural, seeking to reduce (or prevent increases in) the amount of activity of the most polluting vehicles. They may also focus on systemic aspects of the transport system–ways in which the transport network influences either the aggregate amount of vehicle use or the emissions intensity of individual vehicles. Emission control strategies for. | TO THE 1979 CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION ON HEAVY METALS The Parties Determined to implement the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerned that emissions of certain heavy metals are transported across national boundaries and may cause damage to ecosystems of environmental and economic importance and may have harmful effects on human health Considering that combustion and industrial processes are the predominant anthropogenic sources of emissions of heavy metals into the atmosphere Acknowledging that heavy metals are natural constituents of the Earth s crust and that many heavy metals in certain forms and appropriate concentrations are essential to life Taking into consideration existing scientific and technical data on the emissions geochemical processes atmospheric transport and effects on human health and the environment of heavy metals as well as on abatement techniques and costs Aware that techniques and management practices are available to reduce air pollution caused by the emissions of heavy metals Recognizing that countries in the region of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNECE have different economic conditions and that in certain countries the economies are in transition Resolved to take measures to anticipate prevent or minimize emissions of certain heavy metals and their related compounds taking into account the application of the precautionary approach as set forth in principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development Reaffirming that States have in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and development policies and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction Mindful that measures to control .