tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Comprehensive analysis of pseudogenes in prokaryotes: widespread gene decay and failure of putative horizontally transferred genes"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Comprehensive analysis of pseudogenes in prokaryotes: widespread gene decay and failure of putative horizontally transferred genes. | Research Open Access Comprehensive analysis of pseudogenes in prokaryotes widespread gene decay and failure of putative horizontally transferred genes Yang Liu Paul M Harrison Victor Kunin and Mark Gerstein Addresses Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University PO Box 208114 New Haven CT 06520-8114 USA. Computational Genomics Group The European Bioinformatics Institute EMBL Cambridge Outstation Cambridge CB10 1SD UK. Current address Department of Biomedical Informatics Columbia University 622 W 168th street New York NY 10032 USA. Correspondence Mark Gerstein. E-mail Published 26 August 2004 Genome Biology 2004 5 R64 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2004 5 9 R64 Received 1 March 2004 Revised 4 June 2004 Accepted 2 August 2004 2004 Liu et al. licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background Pseudogenes often manifest themselves as disabled copies of known genes. In prokaryotes it was generally believed with a few well-known exceptions that they were rare. Results We have carried out a comprehensive analysis of the occurrence of pseudogenes in a diverse selection of 64 prokaryote genomes. Overall we find a total of around 7 000 candidate pseudogenes. Moreover in all the genomes surveyed pseudogenes occur in at least I to 5 of all gene-like sequences with some genomes having considerably higher occurrence. Although many large populations of pseudogenes arise from large diverse protein families for example the ABC transporters notable numbers of pseudogenes are associated with specific families that do not occur that widely. These include the cytochrome P450 and PPE families PF00067 and .