tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Patenting inventions arising from biological research"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Patenting inventions arising from biological research. | Tutorial Patenting inventions arising from biological research Matthew T Latimer Address Moazzam Latimer 1474 North Point Village Center 320 Reston VA 20194-1190 USA. E-mail Published 20 December 2004 Genome Biology 2004 6 203 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2004 6 1 203 2004 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Patents are the most important way in which researchers can protect the income that might come from ideas or technologies they have developed. This article describes the steps involved and the considerations needed for successful granting of a patent. For instance inventions must be novel and not obvious adequately described and useful and they should not be disclosed publicly before a patent is applied for. When a researcher or group of researchers develop a novel technique tool material or piece of equipment that may be useful they may wish to patent it in order to ensure that they or their employer can benefit financially from their work. A patent is defined as property right granted by a national government that gives the patentee the exclusive right to use manufacture or sell an invention for a prescribed period of time. For the purposes of this article an inventor is defined as anyone who is responsible for the idea behind the technique tool material or equipment where several people are involved they must pursue a patent jointly even when two or more independent labs are involved. Inventors who are employed by a company typically must transfer their rights with respect to the patent to their employers. In many countries companies may apply for patents for inventions developed by their employees. This article briefly explains what kinds of things can be patented why patents are useful the steps in the patenting process the particular requirements for biotechnology inventions and in particular inventions in genomics bioinformatics and proteomics and .