tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Translational regulation of gene expression"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Translational regulation of gene expression. | Meeting report Translational regulation of gene expression Stephanie Kervestin and Nadia Amrani Address Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA 01655-0122 USA. Correspondence Nadia Amrani. E-mail Published 25 November 2004 Genome Biology 2004 5 359 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2004 5 12 359 2004 BioMed Central Ltd A report on the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory meeting Translational Control Cold Spring Harbor USA 7-12 September 2004. There have been major breakthroughs in recent years in understanding both the mechanism of mRNA translation and its control. High-resolution structures have revealed the ribosome s role in the decoding process and the ribozyme activity of its peptidyl transferase center. The importance of post-transcriptional mechanisms in the regulation of gene expression is also much better appreciated today. The 2004 Cold Spring Harbor Translational Control meeting addressed a variety of these mechanisms and provided new insights into the regulatory roles of RNA elements and RNA-binding protein complexes. Ribosomal structure and the mechanism of translation The crystal structures of ribosomes published in the past few years have revolutionized our understanding of the structural basis of tRNA selection and the peptide-bond-forming activity of the ribosome. The precise mechanisms of the distinct steps of protein synthesis are still unknown however. This issue was addressed by several speakers including Venki Ramakrishnan MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge UK who presented his recent work showing that the ribosome promotes accurate tRNA selection at the ribosomal A site and that recognition of cognate codon-anticodon interaction induces the 30S ribosome subunit to adopt a closed conformation. This movement most probably accelerates the rate of GTP hydrolysis and the .