tailieunhanh - What’s in a centromere?

The complete sequence of rice centromere 8 reveals a small amount of centromere-specific satellite sequence in blocks interrupted by retrotransposons and other repetitive DNA, in an arrangement that is strikingly similar in overall size and content to other centromeres of multicellular eukaryotes. reports deposited research Shakespeare’s Juliet posed the question “What’s in a name?” to explore the connotations that a single word can hold. The name ‘centromere’ conjures many ideas from classical biology,. | Minireview What s in a centromere Jonathan C Lamb James Theuri and James A Birchler Address Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA. Correspondence James A Birchler. E-mail BirchlerJ@ Published 17 August 2004 Genome Biology 2004 5 239 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2004 5 9 239 2004 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract The complete sequence of rice centromere 8 reveals a small amount of centromere-specific satellite sequence in blocks interrupted by retrotransposons and other repetitive DNA in an arrangement that is strikingly similar in overall size and content to other centromeres of multicellular eukaryotes. Shakespeare s Juliet posed the question What s in a name to explore the connotations that a single word can hold. The name centromere conjures many ideas from classical biology but genome projects have had a difficult time defining exactly what is present at the portion of the chromosome responsible for microtubule association and segregation at mitosis and meiosis. In humans 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 2 and other model organisms centromeres appear to contain a core of megabase-sized arrays of a single element or in flies several arrays of a small number of different microsatellite elements 3 . Near the center of this core the repeated elements are arranged in a nearly perfect array while near the edges the uniformity decreases and the arrays are interspersed by various repetitive elements. Because of the size and uniformity of the cores they have been impossible to sequence with standard techniques and so have remained as gaping holes of unsequenced DNA in the otherwise well-defined model-organism genomes obtained by various international efforts. As in other model organisms each centromere of members of the grass family including rice and maize contains large tandem arrays of a species-specific centromeric repeat CentO in rice 4 CentC in maize

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