tailieunhanh - Clearing the Waters: A focus on water quality solut ions

Variation in precipitation will also affect the salinity levels of surface water. Increased rainfall or runoff will likely reduce salinity levels, especially in winter, while lower precipitation levels and higher temperatures during summertime could increase salinity levels (Jacobs et al. 2001). As a result, semi- arid regions that suffer from decreasing runoff will be greatly impacted by salinization (Jacobs et al. 2001). Exacerbating the problem in these regions, human activities to combat hotter, drier climates, such as increased irrigation, can further worsen salinization (Confalonieri et al. 2007). Coastal regions, particularly small islands, will be especially impacted by an increase in salinization | UNEP Clearing the Waters A focus on water quality solutions Authors Meena Palaniappan Peter H. Gleick Lucy Allen Michael J. Cohen Juliet Christian-Smith Courtney Smith Editor Nancy Ross Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country territory city or area or of its authorities or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Moreover the views expressed do not necessarily represent the decision or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. Designer Nikki Meith Printing UNON Publishing Services Section Nairobi ISO 14001 2004-certified. Reproduction This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit purposes without special permission from the copyright holders provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Copyright 2010 United Nations Environment Programme Main cover image Christasvengel Other images top to bottom Milan Kopcok DenGuy Lucian Coman ISBN 978-92-807-3074-6 PACIFIC INSTITUTE Pacific Institute 654 13th Street Preservation Park Oakland CA 94612 UNEP promotes environmentally sound practices g lo bal ly an d in its own activities. This report is printed on paper from sustainable forests including recycled fibre. Thepaper is chlorine free and the inks vegeta ble-based. Ou r distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP s carbon footprint. Clearing the Waters A .