tailieunhanh - Ozren Ocic Oil Refineries in the 21st CenturyOil phần 10

Đơn vị hút chân không chưng cất chân không dư lượng visbreaking Đơn vị Bitum xúc tác Cải cách Cracking xúc tác với các đơn vị tập trung khí nhiên liệu Jet-hydrodesulfurization khí tiết kiệm dầu Hydrodesulfurization Tổng-ankyl hóa | 138 6 Management in the Function of Increasing Energy and Processing Efficiency and Effectiveness Tab. 75 Savings achieved by eliminating the differences between the target standard and internal energy consumption processing capacity of 5 000 000 t Item no. Refinery unit Quantity of feedstock t Difference between target and int. consumption US t Possible savings in US 1 2 3 4 5 1 Crude Unit 5 000 000 4 700 000 2 Vacuum Distillation 2 122 065 1 273 239 3 Vacuum-residue visbreaking Unit 973 085 389 234 4 Bitumen 94 314 109 404 5 Catalytic Reforming 380 605 548 071 6 Catalytic Cracking with 821 239 509 168 Gas Concentration Unit 7 Jet-fuel hydrodesulfurization 141 471 298 504 8 Gas Oil Hydrodesulfurization 244 419 303 080 9 Alkylation 59 053 1 139 723 10 Total savings 9 270 423 - reconstruction of existing equipment and an increment of maintenance - permanent professional training of operators and increase in motivation and responsibilities of employees - process-management improvement and direct engagement in rationalization of energy consumption etc. Such outlined possibilities present an important step for rationalization of energy consumption and that is why they have an important role in strategic business management. Management in the Function of Increasing Processing Efficiency and Effectiveness Monitoring processing efficiency and business effectiveness in oil refineries by way of the cost prices of semi-products and finished products is especially difficult due to the complexity of the process production of coupled products on the one hand and due to non-existence of the measures and instruments which the management system could be based upon in this case non-existence of semi- and finished product cost prices on the other hand. Namely in oil refineries the costs are monitored per type of costs in total at the level of actual production. Because of this a corresponding methodology for determining the .