tailieunhanh - FRONTIERS IN High Energy Density Physics

The Committee on High Energy Density Plasma Physics was established in April 2001 by the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Board on Physics and Astronomy to identify scientific opportunities and develop a unifying theme for research on matter under extreme high energy density conditions. Specifically, the committee was charged with the following tasks: (a) to review recent advances in the field of high energy density plasma phenomena, on both the laboratory scale and the astrophysical scale; (b) to provide a scientific assessment of the field, identifying compelling research opportunities and intellectual challenges; (c) to develop a unifying framework for diverse aspects of the field; (d) to outline a strategy. | FRONTIERS IN Committee on High Energy Density Plasma Physics Plasma Science Committee Board on Physics and Astronomy Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington . THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street . Washington DC 20001 NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This project was supported by the Department of Energy under Award No. DE-FG20-00ER54612. Any opinions findings conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author s and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors. Front Cover Background image Hubble Space Telescope image of the Cygnus Loop the shock wave from a 20 000-year-old supernova in the constellation of Cygnus. Courtesy of NASA. Inset images the Z-Machine courtesy of Sandia National Laboratories the OMEGA laser courtesy of the Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester and results from the first gold-on-gold collision experiments at the Relativisitic Heavy Ion Collider courtesy of Brookhaven National Laboratory. Back Cover The target chamber at the National Ignition Facility courtesy of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and three-dimensional PIC simulation of a plasma wakefield accelerator courtesy of R. Fonseca Instituto Superior Técnico of Portugal and the E-162 collaboration. Library of Congress Control Number 2003103684 International Standard Book Number 0-309-08637-X Additional copies of this report are available from The National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street . Washington DC 20001 800 6246242 or 202 .