tailieunhanh - russian a self teaching guide phần 8

Tôi không có nơi để sống. (Có nơi nào cho tôi sống.) Ông không có thời gian để thư giãn. Boris đã không có ai để nói chuyện với. Liza đã không có gì để làm. Họ đã có nơi nào để đi. Các câu sau đây, thú vị, có hai bổ sung trong trường hợp chỉ định, vì lý do riêng biệt. Ей chỉ định vì нéкому; нéкому chỉ định bởi vì nó bị chi phối bởi động từ звонñть: Ей нéкому звонñть (Cô đã không có ai để gọi / Không có một cho cô ấy gọi). Lưu. | 218 RUSSIAN A Self-Teaching Guide The Genitive Plural Without doubt the genitive plural is a source of great anxiety and confusion among students and not without reason. There are four different endings for nouns and they are used with all three genders but in different environments. The conventional approach to learning these endings proceeds according to gender. While comprehensive and logical this method leaves many students stuttering while they try to calculate the correct answer and in fact takes much time to master. The analysis below relies on recognizing the morphology or underlying structure of the word and quickly frees the student to attempt usually correctly the genitive plural of most Russian nouns. Of course a complete summary of exceptional forms will be found later in this chapter. It is said that somewhere in its declension each Russian noun will appear with the so-called zero ending or base form . For most masculine nouns it is the nominative singular. For the majority of feminine and neuter nouns the zero ending is found in the genitive plural. Masculine nouns already appear in their base form. Most of them have no special ending except for the soft sign which is phonetically speaking part of the stem. Note that the fairly large group of masculine nouns in -a such as nána papa IĨÚH5I Vanya . grandfather cnpoTấ orphan rónoma teenage boy and Mi iiHKa teddy bear are conjugated like feminine nouns and do not belong to the zero-ending category. Feminine and neuter nouns find their zero-ending form in the genitive plural. Noun Endings Masculine For masculine zero-ending nouns except those ending in b X q m III. the genitive plural ending is -OB or -eB for masculines that end in -H such as My3ẻù and repóù . Examine the following table to see the formation of this type of masculine nouns in the genitive plural Nominative Singular Genitive Plural English ypH ij xypHầ OB magazine mTầT mTầTOB state g0M dOMÓB house rópog ropogÓB city KOMUttóTep .