tailieunhanh - The Semantic Web:A Guide to the Future of XML, Web Services, and Knowledge Management phần 8

Chính cấu trúc, dù quan trọng, không phải là yếu tố quan trọng xác định đặc trưng cho các mô hình, giải thích ngữ nghĩa. Cấu trúc là một tác dụng phụ của mức độ yêu cầu giải thích ngữ nghĩa. Kiến thức (như mã hóa trong bản thể, ví dụ) là mô hình biểu tượng tương đối phức tạp (đại diện) của một số khía cạnh của một vũ trụ luận | Understanding Ontologies 195 Organization part_of Company Department Sộ organizationalNumber Group part_of_ Division pampf Person nages Sy employeeNumber name address birthdate spouse ssn manages President Vice President Employee Director Manager is_managby Staff Employee Figure UML Human Resources model fragment. Structure itself thomgh_mportant is not the crucial determining or characteristic factor for models semantic interpretation is. Structure is a side effect of the degree ofsemantic interpretation required. Knowledge as encoded in ontologies for example is the relatively complex symbolic modeling representation of somoaspect ofauniverseofdiscourse what weartcaliing subject areas domaiss snd tgaCwhichspans domains . Semantics Semantic inteopreaasionisahe mapp ing betweensomesiruatgredrubset of data and a model of some set of objects in a domain with respect to the intended meaning of those objects and the relationships between those objects. 196 Chapter 8 Directed Acyclic Graph 9 Node --- Directed Edge Directed Cyclic Graph Figure Trees and graphs. Typically the model lies in the mind of the human. We as humans understand the semantics which means we symbolicallyrepresentin some fashion the world theobj acts of thawarld and the relationships among those objects. We have the semantics of some part of the world in our minds it is very structured atextual document wesee symbols on a pageexd idteeoretthoec withresoeee towhattheymrcnin oiitmen-tal model thet o wx supply the samantics meani net- It weweshtoassistin the dissemiaatiaaat idekhawledgeambeahcdin a doshment wemake rhai document availoble tootXerhumenXeings exoectihothatthan wlllprovido their own setaar Sésis ie i t h i- thekmentaemodeSaterndwiSO make sensaouS of the symboisantheddeumentpageS hOithefais noknawiudgein stat doee ument witbeiit tomaaiie ae samethida mixthretinh Wesemswiicaof ihot dacument. SemaaticintetpretatSenmekesaaewSthgeeuteiethetwisemeant .