tailieunhanh - Driving and the Built Environment

There has been a growing realization in national governments and multilateral institutions that it is impossible to separate economic development issues from environment issues; many forms of development erode the environmental resources upon which they must be based, and environmental degradation can undermine economic development. Poverty is a major cause and effect of global environmental problems. It is therefore futile to attempt to deal with environmental problems without a broader perspective that encompasses the factors underlying world poverty and international inequality | Transportation Research Board SPECIAL REPORT 298 Driving and the Built Environment The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel Energy Use and CO2 Emissions NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Transportation Research Board SPECIAL REPORT 298 Driving and the Built Environment The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel Energy Use and CO2 Emissions Committee for the Study on the Relationships Among Development Patterns Vehicle Miles Traveled and Energy Consumption Transportation Research Board Board on Energy and Environmental Systems NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Transportation Research Board Washington . 2009 Transportation Research Board Special Report 298 Subscriber Category IB energy and environment Transportation Research Board publications are available by ordering individual publications directly from the TRB Business Office through the Internet at or national-academies. org trb or by annual subscription through organizational or individual affiliation with TRB. Affiliates and library subscribers are eligible for substantial discounts. For further information contact the Transportation Research Board Business Office 500 Fifth Street NW Washington DC 20001 telephone 202-334-3213 fax 202-334-2519 or e-mail TRBsales@ . Copyright 2009 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to the procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting .