tailieunhanh - principles of epidemiologyin public health practice_part6

nghiên cứu, với các thông báo, thời gian quan sát có thể được kéo dài cho đến khi đủ số lượng nhà ở được thu thập. Nhược điểm • Có thể không cung cấp một hình ảnh đại diện của tỷ lệ hoặc tỷ lệ trừ khi chăm sóc được thực hiện trong báo cáo Lựa chọn Bảo đảm các trang web và báo cáo đầy đủ. | study with notifications the observation period can be extended until sufficient numbers of cases are collected. Disadvantages Might not provide a representative picture of the incidence or prevalence unless care is taken in selecting reporting sites and ensuring complete reporting. Data that can be collected are limited by the skill time and willingness of the data collectors who usually have other responsibilities. Quality control might be a major problem in data collection. The quality of data might vary among collection sites. As a result notifications usually provide a substandard estimate of the true incidence and prevalence. An alternative to notification might be to enroll interested and appropriate health-care providers and clinics in a sentinel system to gather case numbers of asthma. Exercise Factors that influence the choice of one source of data or one dataset over another include severity of illness . hospitalization and mortality need for laboratory confirmation of diagnosis rarity of the condition specialization if any of the health-care providers who commonly examine patients with the condition under surveillance quality reliability or availability of relevant data and timeliness of the data in terms of need for response. Listeriosis A wide spectrum of nonspecific clinical illness and a low case fatality rate exists except among newborns and immunocompromised persons . Therefore surveillance should be based on morbidity rather than mortality data diagnoses should be confirmed in the laboratory. Possible sources of surveillance data include laboratory reports hospital discharge data although patients with listeriosis are often not hospitalized or adding listeriosis to the notifiable disease list. Spinal cord injury This is a severe health event with substantial mortality almost all persons who sustain a spinal cord injury are brought to a hospital. Therefore surveillance would most logically be based on hospital records and mortality data .