tailieunhanh - principles of epidemiologyin public health practice_part5

là một ví dụ nơi hội chứng được theo dõi như là một proxy cho căn bệnh này, và hội chứng này rất hiếm và nghiêm trọng đủ để đảm bảo điều tra của từng trường hợp đã xác định. | is an example where the syndrome is monitored as a proxy for the disease and the syndrome is infrequent and severe enough to warrant investigation of each identified case. The goal of syndromic surveillance is to provide an earlier indication of an unusual increase in illnesses than traditional surveillance might to facilitate early intervention . vaccination or chemoprophylaxis . For syndromic surveillance a syndrome is a constellation of signs and symptoms. Signs and symptoms are grouped into syndrome categories . the category of respiratory includes cough shortness of breath difficulty breathing and so forth . The term as used in the United States often refers to observing emergency department visits for multiple syndromes . respiratory disease with fever as an early detection system for a biologic or chemical terrorism event. The advantage of syndromic surveillance is that persons can be identified when they seek medical attention which is often 1-2 days before a diagnosis is made. In addition syndromic surveillance does not rely on a clinician s ability to think of and test for a specific disease or on the availability of local laboratory or other diagnostic resources. Because syndromic surveillance focuses on syndromes instead of diagnoses and suspect diagnoses it is less specific and more likely to identify multiple persons without the disease of interest. As a result more data have to be handled and the analyses tend to be more complex. Syndromic surveillance relies on computer methods to look for deviations above baseline certain methods look for space-time clusters . Emergency department data are the most common data source for syndromic surveillance systems. You might use syndromic surveillance when Timeliness is key either for naturally occurring infectious diseases . severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS or a terrorism event Making a diagnosis is difficult or time-consuming . a new emerging or rare pathogen Trying to detect outbreaks .