tailieunhanh - Essentials of Neuroimaging for Clinical Practice - part 5

Bệnh Lý lớp hệ thống / dịch não tủy thất bất thường khối lượng Hội chứng Ex vacuo Tràn dịch não (ví dụ, teo) Giao tiếp (ví dụ, NPH) tắc nghẽn dưới màng nhện xuất huyết ngoài màng cứng dưới màng cứng Intraparenchymal tàu nhỏ thiếu máu cục bộ lacunar Ví dụ phương thức MRI tìm kiếm trục T1, T2; dọc T1 biến thất nong | 50 ESSENTIALS OF NEUROIMAGING FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE Table 2-6. Examples of MRI-detectable brain pathology that can manifest clinically as psychiatric disturbance Pathological class Syndrome MRI modality Example finding Ventricular system CSF volume abnormalities Hydrocephalus Ex vacuo . atrophy Communicating . NPH Obstructive Axial T1 T2 sagittal T1 Variable ventricular dilatation Cerebrovascular Hemorrhagic Epidural Subdural Subarachnoid Intraparenchymal Ischemic Small-vessel lacunar Large-vessel thromboembolic Aneurysm Arteriovenous malformation Dural venous thrombosis GE GE T2 FLAIR GE GE Acute DWI FLAIR Chronic FLAIR Acute DWI FLAIR Chronic FLAIR Old T1 MRA MRA MRV Expanding subcranial hypointensity Convexity abnormality Subarachnoid hypointensities Variable hypointensities Focal punctate subcortical hyperintensity Scattered small subcortical hyperintensities Large focal cortical hyperintensity Large focal cortical hyperintensity Focal encephalomalacia atrophy Vascular abnormality Vascular abnormality Flow deficit Metabolic Wilson s disease Mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis and stroke MELAS Coronal T1 FLAIR FLAIR Cystic putamenal lesions Variable infarcts Inflammatory White matter . multiple sclerosis Vasculature . vasculitis Idiopathic . sarcoidosis Sagittal FLAIR FLAIR MRA T1 T1 gad Dawson s fingers in multiple sclerosis Focal punctate lesions Variable enhancement Neoplastic Tumor Primary Metastatic Leptomeningeal disease T1 T1 gad FLAIR T1 T1 gad FLAIR T1 T1 gad FLAIR Variably enhancing mass lesions Variably enhancing mass lesions Leptomeningeal enhancement Infectious Encephalitis Meningitis Abscess T1 T1 gad FLAIR T1 T1 gad T1 T1 gad Variable enhancement edema Edema enhancement Ring-enhancing mass Toxic Alcohol Heavy metal Axial T1 Coronal T1 T2 FLAIR Cerebellar vermis atrophy Basal ganglia abnormalities Trauma Acute Chronic T1 DWI GE FLAIR T1 GE FLaIr Acute hemorrhage edema Petechial hemosiderin deposits encephalomalacia .