tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Functional classification of scaffold proteins and related molecules

In this series of four minireviews the field of scaffold proteins and proteins of similar molecular⁄cellular functions is overviewed. By binding and bring-ing into proximity two or more signaling proteins, these proteins direct the flow of information in the cell by activating, coordinating and regulating signaling events in regulatory networks. | ễFEBS Journal MINIREVIEW Functional classification of scaffold proteins and related molecules László Buday1 2 and Peter Tompa1 1 Institute of Enzymology BiologicalResearch Center Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary 2 Department of MedicalChemistry Semmelweis University Medical School Budapest Hungary Keywords adaptor anchor docking protein kinase multidomain protein phosphatase protein interaction scaffold signaling structural disorder Correspondence L. Buday and P. Tompa Institute of Enzymology Hungarian Academy of Sciences 1518 Budapest . Box 7 Hungary Fax 361 466 5465 Tel 361 279 3115 361 279 3143 E-mail buday@ tompa@ Received 14 May 2010 revised 3 August 2010 accepted 18 August 2010 doi In this series of four minireviews the field of scaffold proteins and proteins of similar molecular cellular functions is overviewed. By binding and bringing into proximity two or more signaling proteins these proteins direct the flow of information in the cell by activating coordinating and regulating signaling events in regulatory networks. Here we discuss the categories of scaffolds anchors docking proteins and adaptors in some detail and using many examples we demonstrate that they cover a wide range of functional modes that appear to segregate into three practical categories simple proteins binding two partners together adaptors larger multidomain proteins targeting and regulating more proteins in complex ways scaffold anchor-ing proteins and proteins specialized to initiate signaling cascades by localizing partners at the cell membrane docking proteins . It will also be shown however that the categories partially overlap and often their names are used interchangeably in the literature. In addition although not usually considered as scaffolds several other proteins such as regulatory proteins with catalytic activity phosphatase targeting subunits E3 ubiquitin ligases ESCRT proteins in endosomal sorting and DNA .