tailieunhanh - accounting reference desktop 2002 phần 9

và do đó nâng cao điểm hòa vốn cho công ty, có thể nguy hiểm nếu nó đã hoạt động ở gần mức hoà vốn. Như vậy, có một nguy cơ gia tăng của sự thất bại kinh doanh Phụ lục này mô tả các kiểu định dạng số có thể được sử dụng để xây dựng một biểu đồ của tài khoản, | 35-3 Accumulated Earnings Tax 489 deduction acceleration involves deprecation for which a company typically uses MACRS an accelerated depreciation methodology acceptable for tax reporting purposes and straight-line depreciation which results in a higher level of reported earnings for other purposes. 2. Take all available tax credits. A credit results in a permanent reduction in taxes and so is highly desirable. Unfortunately credits are increasingly difficult to find though one might qualify for the research and experimental tax credit see later section . There are more tax credits available at the local level where they are offered to those businesses willing to operate in economic development zones or as part of specialized relocation deals normally only available to larger companies . 3. Avoid non-allowable expenses. There are a few expenses most notably meals and entertainment that are completely or at least partially not allowed for purposes of computing taxable income. A key company strategy is to reduce these types of expenses to the bare minimum thereby avoiding any lost benefits from non-allowable expenses. 4. Increase tax deferrals. There are a number of situations in which taxes can be shifted into the future such as payments in stock for acquisitions or the deferral of revenue received until all related services have been performed. This can shift a large part of the tax liability into the future where the time value of money results in a smaller present value of the tax liability than would otherwise be the case. One should refer back to these four basic tax goals when reading through the various tax issues noted in the following sections in order to see how they fit into a company s overall tax strategy. 35-3 ACCUMULATED EARNINGS TAX There is a double tax associated with a company s payment of dividends to investors because it must first pay an income tax from which dividends cannot be deducted as an expense and then investors must pay income tax on .