tailieunhanh - HEALTH INSURANCE IN INDIA: CURRENT SCENARIO

The annual agriculture appropriations bill traditionally makes two separate appropriations for the federal crop insurance program. It provides discretionary funding for the salaries and expenses of the RMA. It also provides “such sums as are necessary” for the Federal Crop Insurance Fund, which finances all other expenses of the program, including premium subsidies, indemnity payments, and reimbursements to the private insurance companies. Government costs for crop insurance have increased substantially in recent years. After ranging between $ and $ billion during FY2000-FY2006, costs rose to $ billion in FY2008 and $ billion in FY2009 as higher policy premiums from rising. | Social Health Insurance Annex 2 HEALTH INSURANCE IN INDIA CURRENT SCENARIO Introduction The health care system in India is characterised by multiple systems of medicine mixed ownership patterns and different kinds of delivery structures. Public sector ownership is divided between central and state governments municipal and Panchayat local governments. Public health facilities include teaching hospitals secondary level hospitals first-level referral hospitals CHCs or rural hospitals dispensaries primary health centres PHCs sub-centres and health posts. Also included are public facilities for selected occupational groups like organized work force ESI defence government employees CGHS railways post and telegraph and mines among others. The private sector for profit and not for profit is the dominant sector with 50 per cent of people seeking indoor care and around 60 to 70 per cent of those seeking ambulatory care or outpatient care from private health facilities. While India has made significant gains in terms of health indicators - demographic infrastructural and epidemiological See Tables 1 and 2 it continues to grapple with newer challenges. Not only have communicable diseases persisted over time but some of them like malaria have also developed insecticide-resistant vectors while others like tuberculosis are becoming increasingly drug resistant. HIV AIDS has of late assumed extremely virulent proportions. The 1990s have also seen an increase in mortality on account of non-communicable diseases arising as a result of lifestyle changes. The country is now in the midst of a dual disease burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases. This is coupled with spiralling health costs high financial burden on the poor and erosion in their incomes. Around 24 of all people hospitalized in India in a single year fall below the poverty line due to hospitalization World Bank 2002 . An analysis of financing of hospitalization shows that large proportion of people especially

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