tailieunhanh - ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 2 Part 7

Tham khảo tài liệu 'arnold, k. (1999). design of gas-handling systems and facilities (2nd ed.) episode 2 part 7', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | CHAPTER 14 Safety Systems This chapter discusses overall safety analysis techniques for evaluating production facilities describes the concepts used to determine where safety shutdown sensors are required and provides background and insight into the concept of a Safety and Environmental Management Program. To develop a safe design it is necessary to first design and specify all equipment and systems in accordance with applicable codes and standards. Once the system is designed a process safety shutdown system is specified to assure that potential hazards that can be detected by measuring process upsets are detected and that appropriate safety actions normally an automatic shutdown are initiated. A hazards analysis is then normally undertaken to identify and mitigate potential hazards that could lead to fire explosion pollution or injury to personnel and that cannot be detected as process upsets. Finally a system of safety management is implemented to assure the system is operated and maintained in a safe manner by personnel who have received adequate training. Safety analysis concepts are discussed in this chapter by first describing a generalized hazard tree for a production facility. From this analysis decisions can be made regarding devices that could be installed to monitor process upset conditions and to keep them from creating hazards. Reviewed for the 1999 edition by Benjamin T. Banken of Paragon Engineering Services Inc. 386 Safety Systems 387 This analysis forms the basis of a widely used industry consensus standard. American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice 14C Analysis Design installation and Testing of Basic Surface Systems for Offshore Production Platforms RP14C which contains a procedure for determining required process safety devices and shutdowns. The procedures described here can be used to develop checklists for devices not covered by RP14C or to modify the consensus checklists presented in RP14C in areas of the world where RP14C is not .