tailieunhanh - OCEANOGRAPHY and MARINE BIOLOGY: AN ANNUAL REVIEW (Volume 44) - Chapter 6

Các octopods cirrate là biển sâu, lạnh-Phỏng Cephalopod Đó là động vật thân mềm tìm thấy suốt các đại dương trên thế giới, thường ở Độ sâu vượt quá 300 m, trong nước lạnh nhằm mục đích nông vĩ độ cao. Các cơ quan của cirrates keo, nào biến dạng Khi bảo quản, cùng với mức thu thấp đã gây ra sự nhầm lẫn đáng kể trong hệ thống học của nhóm. | Oceanography and Marine Biology An Annual Review 2006 44 277-322 R. N. Gibson R. J. A. Atkinson and J. D. M. Gordon Editors Taylor Francis TAXONOMY ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF THE CIRRATE OCTOPODS MARTIN A. COLLINS1 ROGER VILLANUEVA2 1British Antarctic Survey Natural Environmental Research Council High Cross Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ET . E-mail macol@ 2Institut de Ciències del Mar Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49 E-08003 Barcelona Spain E-mail roger@ Abstract The cirrate octopods are deep-sea cold-adapted cephalopod molluscs that are found throughout the world s oceans usually at depths in excess of 300 m but shallower in cold water at high latitudes. The gelatinous bodies of the cirrates which deform when preserved coupled with low capture rates have caused considerable confusion in the systematics of the group. The taxonomically relevant morphological features are briefly reviewed and the taxonomy revised. On the basis of morphological and molecular information the cirrates are divided into four families the Cirroteuthidae including the genera Cirroteuthis Cirrothauma and Stauroteuthis Cirroctopodidae Cirroctopus Grimpoteuthidae Cryptoteuthis Grimpoteuthis and Luteuthis and Opisthoteuthidae Opisthoteuthis . A total of 45 species are recognised. The opisthoteuthids are primarily benthic animals the grimpoteuthids and cirroctopodids benthopelagic and the cirroteuthids essentially pelagic but generally close to the sea floor. With the exception of two common shallow Opistho-teuthis species the biology of the cirrates is poorly studied. The data on reproductive biology indicate that spawning is extended with growth continuing during a reproductive period that probably occupies much of the life cycle an unusual strategy in cephalopods. Diet studies suggest that benthic cirrates feed on small-sized organisms with low swimming speeds and the main prey are amphipods and polychaetes. .

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