tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Fast-evolving noncoding sequences in the human genome"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Critical Care giúp cho các bạn có thêm kiến thức về ngành y học đề tài: Fast-evolving noncoding sequences in the human genome. | Open Access Research Fast-evolving noncoding sequences in the human genome Christine P Bird Barbara E Stranger Maureen Liu Daryl J Thomas Catherine E Ingle Claude Beazley Webb Miller Matthew E Hurles and Emmanouil T Dermitzakis Addresses The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton CB10 1SA UK. Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA. Department of Computer Science Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA. Correspondence Emmanouil T Dermitzakis. Email md4@ Published 19 June 2007 Genome Biology 2007 8 RII8 doi gb-2007-8-6-rl 18 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2007 8 6 R118 Received 19 December 2006 Revised 14 March 2007 Accepted l9 June 2007 2007 Bird et al. licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background Gene regulation is considered one of the driving forces of evolution. Although protein-coding DNA sequences and RNA genes have been subject to recent evolutionary events in the human lineage it has been hypothesized that the large phenotypic divergence between humans and chimpanzees has been driven mainly by changes in gene regulation rather than altered protein-coding gene sequences. Comparative analysis of vertebrate genomes has revealed an abundance of evolutionarily conserved but noncoding sequences. These conserved noncoding CNC sequences may well harbor critical regulatory variants that have driven recent human evolution. Results Here we identify 1 356 CNC sequences that appear to have undergone dramatic humanchanges in selective pressures at least l5 of which have substitution .