tailieunhanh - Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation

THE CAMBRIAN RADIATION, which commenced around 550 million years ago, arguably ranks as the single most important episode in the development of Earth’s marine biota. Diverse benthic communities with complex tiering, trophic webs, and niche partitioning, together with an elaborate pelagic realm, were established soon after the beginning of the Cambrian period. This key event in the history of life changed the marine biosphere and its associated sediments forever. | Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation EDITED BY ANDREY YU. ZHURAVLEV AND ROBERT RIDING Columbia University Press New York We dedicate this book to David Gravestock and Kirill Seslavinsky. Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester West Sussex Copyright 2001 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The ecology of the Cambrian radiation edited by Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev and Robert Riding. p. cm. Critical moments in paleobiology and earth history series Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-231-10612-2 cloth alk. paper ISBN 0-231-10613-0 pbk. alk. paper 1. Paleoecology Cambrian. 2. Paleontology Cambrian. 3. Geology Stratigraphic Cambrian. I. Zhuravlev A. IU. Andrei IUr evich . II. Riding Robert. III. Series. QE720 .E27 2000 560L1723 dc21 00-063901 @ Casebound editions of Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. Printed in the United States of America C 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Acknowledgments vii 1. Introduction Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev and Robert Riding 1 PART I. THE ENVIRONMENT 9 2. Paleomagnetically and Tectonically Based Global Maps for Vendian to Mid-Ordovician Time Alan G. Smith 11 3. Global Facies Distributions from Late Vendian to Mid-Ordovician Kirill B. Seslavinsky and Irina D. Maidanskaya 47 4. Did Supercontinental Amalgamation Trigger the Cambrian Explosion Martin D. Brasier and John F. Lindsay 69 5. Climate Change at the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Transition Toni T. Eerola 90 6. Australian Early and Middle Cambrian Sequence Biostratigraphy with Implications for Species Diversity and Correlation David I. Gravestock and John H. Shergold 107 7. The Cambrian Radiation and the Diversification of Sedimentary Fabrics Mary L. Droser and Xing Li 137 PART II. COMMUNITY PATTERNS AND DYNAMICS 171 8. Biotic Diversity and Structure During the Neoproterozoic-Ordovician Transition Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev 173 9. Ecology .