tailieunhanh - Evidence based pediatrics - part 3

Nondrug Liệu pháp trị liệu Hít thở trong hơi nước hay sương ấm từ lâu đã được biết là cung cấp một thước đo của sự thoải mái cho những người bị tắc nghẽn từ mũi và xoang. Lợi ích vật chất có thể bắt nguồn từ hóa lỏng các chất tiết đường hô hấp, cho phép loại bỏ hiệu quả hơn bằng cách ho hoặc mũi thổi. | Acute Rhinitis and Pharyngitis 85 Nondrug Therapy Inhalation Therapy Breathing in steam or warm mist has long been known to provide a measure of comfort for those suffering from nasal and sinus congestion. The physical benefit probably stems from the liquefaction of respiratory secretions which enables more effective removal by either coughing or nose blowing. Additionally warm moist air is soothing to an irritated respiratory epithelium. Aromatics have also been added to steam to provide a sensation of relief although these have not been examined scientifically. Menthol tablets create a subjective sense of nasal decongestion but have not been shown to change nasal airflow when measured objectively12 level I . Studies on the effect of steam inhalation on the common cold have shown conflicting results. Two early studies lend support to the hypothesis that nasal hyperthermia reduced the symptoms of the common cold. The effects of steam inhalation on nasal patency and on nasal symptoms in 62 patients with the common cold were studied in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial13 level I . Treatment consisted of two 20-minute sessions during which one patient group inhaled saturated hot 42 to 44 C air through the nose. This was compared with a control group which received inhalations of room air 20 to 24 C for similar time periods. During the week following treatment the subjective response was recorded by each patient on a daily symptom score card. Nasal patency was determined before treatment the following day and 1 week later by measuring peak nasal expiratory and inspiratory airflow. Steam inhalation resulted in the alleviation of cold symptoms and increased nasal patency in a significantly higher percentage of patients in the actively treated group than in the placebo-treated group. In the second study 87 subjects with simple colds breathed warm humidified air at 43 C for 20 minutes per day and were compared with 84 subjects breathing air at 30