tailieunhanh - Evidence based pediatrics - part 2

Tiêm chủng ngăn ngừa bệnh và tiết kiệm cuộc sống. Đây cũng là một can thiệp sức khỏe vài tiết kiệm nhiều tiền hơn hơn so với chi phí. Việc thực hiện thành công các chương trình tiêm chủng ở trẻ em yêu cầu các chuyên gia y tế tham gia điều hành vắc-xin và các bậc cha mẹ có kiến thức về những rủi ro | Health Maintenance Visits a Critical Review 37 118. American Academy of Pediatrics. Screening for elevated blood lead levels. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Environmental Health. Pediatrics 1998 101 1072-8. 119. Daniel K Sedlis M Polk L et al. Childhood lead poisoning New York City 1988. MMWR 1990 39 1-7. CHAPTER 3 Immunization Ronald Gold MD MPH FRCPC Immunization prevents disease and saves lives. It is also one of the few health interventions that saves more money than it costs. Successful implementation of childhood immunization programs requires that both the health professionals involved in administering vaccines and parents be knowledgeable about the risks of the diseases and the benefits as well as the risks of the vaccines. In particular it is extremely important that the true precautions and contraindications are understood. The only absolute contraindications to immunization are as follows 1 2 Anaphylaxis to a previous dose of vaccine Anaphylaxis to a constituent of a vaccine eg severe allergic reaction to influenza and yellow fever vaccines after eating eggs or allergy to neomycin in the case of inactivated polio vaccine IPV or mumps-measles-rubella MMR vaccine Pregnancy in the case of MMR Immunodeficiency in the case of MMR Precautions which may indicate deferral of immunization include the following Recent administration of immunoglobulin in the case of MMR see1 3 for details Moderate or severe acute illness with or without fever Conditions which are not contraindications to immunization are as follows 1 2 Local reaction to previous dose of vaccine Mild acute illness with or without fever Convalescent phase of an acute minor illness Current antimicrobial therapy Recent exposure to infection Prematurity Personal or family history of allergy Family history of convulsions sudden infant death syndrome SIDS Convulsion hypotonic-hypo-responsive HHR episode or high fever C within 48 hours or persistent inconsolable crying lasting 3 h after .