tailieunhanh - Encyclopedia of psychotherapy - part 6

Các tạp chí tâm lý học Mỹ đã giảm từ đỉnh cao của khoảng 15 từ 1975-1979 ở mức thấp khoảng 3 từ 1990-1994. Đánh giá của văn học, bao gồm cả năm 1977 đánh giá của Curran và Hal Arkowitz và xem xét các năm 1990 bởi Debra Hope và Richard Heimberg đã đề cập trước đó | Heterosocial Skills Training 923 American psychology journals has declined from a peak of about 15 from 1975-1979 to a low of about 3 from 1990-1994. Reviews of the literature including the 1977 reviews by Curran and Hal Arkowitz and the 1990 review by Debra Hope and Richard Heimberg mentioned earlier generally conclude that HSST is effective for improving scores on the various dependent measures used in the research. Unfortunately the studies are also consistently criticized for a number of reasons. The first is that the dependent and independent variables are not consistent across studies thus making it difficult to interpret the findings and draw useful generalizations. From an independent variable perspective participant selection and categorization methods are often poor consisting for example of asking college students about their dating frequency. As several authors have mentioned this generates a high-frequency dating category that might include someone who has gone out on 10 fun and interesting dates with a number of different partners as well as someone who has gone out on 10 minimal dates with a partner whose basic appeal is that he or she is still around after the first few dates. In addition the studies are criticized because they typically have not included adequate no-treatment control conditions have assumed generalization of the relevant skills rather than testing for it have shown small effect sizes and have inadequate assessment and training of individual-specific skill deficits. Despite the criticisms there are a number of sound studies supporting the efficacy of HSST. In 1975 James Curran reported the results of a controlled study in which minimally dating college men and women were exposed to HSST systematic desensitization SD or no treatment. Participants completed self-report instruments and semistructured interactions with an experimental confederate both before and after the interventions. The active interventions were in a group format .

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