tailieunhanh - Clinical Dermatology - part 6

Nguyên nhân phì đại của các sắc tố filiform nhú và phì đại filiform nhú gây ra do đậu rót dinh dưỡng vi khuẩn phát triển quá mức, thiếu hụt, kém hấp thu bẩm sinh, hội chứng Down, lão hóa thay đổi khiếm khuyết phát triển và Candida. | 180 CHAPTER 13 Table Some common tongue problems. Condition Cause Treatment Furred tongue Hypertrophy of the filiform papillae Brush the tongue Black hairy tongue Fig. Pigmentation and hypertrophy of filiform papillae caused due to bacterial overgrowth Brush the tongue Smooth tongue Nutritional deficiency sprue malabsorption Vitamins nutrition Fissured tongue Congenital Down s syndrome ageing changes No treatment needed Median rhomboid glossitis Developmental defect and candidosis. Smoking and dentures worsen No treatment needed Geographic tongue Fig. Familial atopic psoriasis Topical steroids Varices Blue compressible blebs of veins No treatment needed Hairy leukoplakia Fig. Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with HIV AIDS Highly active retroviral therapies HAART Herpetic glossitis Painful fissures without vesicles Aciclovir group p. 344 Macroglossia Developmental tumours infections amyloidosis thyroid Treat the cause Glossodynia Trauma candida menopause diabetes nutritional dry mouth Treat the cause use tricyclic antidepressants Fig. Black hairy tongue. Fig. Geographic tongue. planus is diagnostic. Dysplastic leukoplakias are more likely to be focal appearing on only a portion of the mucosae gingivae or lips. They are also more likely to be red and symptomatic and shown by those who have smoked cigarettes or chewed tobacco. Candida albicans infections may occasionally be considered but their white patches scrape off. Investigations A potassium hydroxide KOH examination and a culture will rule out candidasis. Biopsy will determine if a white patch is dysplastic or not. The histology of lichen planus as seen in the skin may be less typical in REGIONAL DERMATOLOGY 181 the mouth and may even suggest a dermatitis. Patch testing may be useful as allergic causes can be cured by allergen elimination. Liver function tests and tests for hepatitis B hepatitis C and antimitochondrial antibodies are often recommended. Treatment If .