tailieunhanh - Loãng xương: Vai trò của các thuật chỉnh hình

Loãng xương là một trong Các rối loạn cơ xương phổ biến nhất gặp phải trong thực hành chỉnh hình ngày hôm nay. Tổng quan này Cung cấp một bản cập nhật về sinh lý bệnh của quá trình chuyển hóa xương Dẫn đến loãng xương, MÔ TẢ phương pháp mới nhất trong workup chẩn đoán của bệnh nhân | Osteoporosis The Role of the Orthopaedist Tyler S. Lucas MD and Thomas A. Einhorn MD Abstract Osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders encountered in orthopaedic practice today. This review provides an update on the pathophysiology of bone metabolism leading to osteoporosis describes the latest methodology in the diagnostic workup of patients with low bone mass and summarizes the current status of osteoporosis treatment regimens. The special needs of the osteoporotic fracture patient are also addressed. In general load-sharing devices and sliding nail-plate constructs are preferred over rigid internal-fixation systems. Prolonged immobilization should be avoided. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1993 1 48-56 Osteoporosis ranks as a major health problem affecting more than 25 million Americans and leading to more than million fractures each year. One of every two women over the age of 50 years will have an osteoporosis-related fracture and one in every three men over the age of 75 years will be affected by this disease. A single hip fracture is estimated to cost between 26 000 and 30 000 and the overall cost of acute and longterm care associated with osteoporosis exceeds 10 billion Because a substantial number of patients will encounter an orthopaedist for an osteoporosis-related problem an understanding of the pathophysiology diagnostic approach and medical and surgical treatment options is essential. This article will provide a summary update for each of these issues as well as a discussion of preventive strategies that the orthopaedist can offer to patients who may be at risk for developing this disease. Defining the Problem Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass microarchi- tectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk. Although fractures of the spine hip and wrist are most typical of this condition fractures of other bones such as the ribs humerus and .