tailieunhanh - HANDBOOK OF ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY - PART 10

cùng với gia đình và trường học là tổ chức xã hội có một ảnh hưởng quan trọng về xã hội hoá và phát triển. Từ quan điểm này, chính sách làm việc là không đáng kể khác nhau từ sự chú ý lâm sàng, nó chỉ là tập trung tại một macrolevel hơn là cố gắng để giải quyết các vấn đề cá nhân. | Vision and Values 769 macrosystem studied by developmentalists along with families and schools as social institutions that have an important influence on socialization and development. From this perspective policy work is not substantially different from clinical attention it is just focused at a macrolevel rather than trying to solve individual problems. It might be viewed as a developmental extension of community psychology. Hence it is logical and perfectly consistent with its field goals that psychology include policy making in the areas to which it attends. Psychology programs such as the applied developmental program at Fordham University includes such curricula as part of their mission but the importance is too great to be limited to a few select programs. Policy making should be as core to the field as are research methods and statistics. If policy makers are to develop effective policies and programs it is essential that psychologists be involved and policies and programs provide important areas for psychological research. To some extent it is easier to involve psychology in the policy making process than it is to include research. Although psychology is a science it also has a practitioner element which increases its relevance to policy. Clinical psychology forensics and industrial-organizational psychology are applied branches of psychology although they tend to function at an individual rather than a systems level. However theoretically there is no substantive reason that policy making should not be added to this array Sherrod 1997 . Although it should be obvious that information from research should be useful to policy making that usefulness is in fact too frequently not recognized. First other factors such as ideology or cost outweigh information. Second it is frequently difficult for research to provide the clear direct singular-answer type of guidance that is needed for policy making. Third we have noted that social problems change faster than our .