tailieunhanh - Management of cervical cancer

An ovarian cyst may be found on the surface of an ovary or inside it. A cyst contains fluid. Sometimes it contains solid tissue too. Most ovarian cysts are benign (not cancer). Most ovarian cysts go away with time. Sometimes, a doctor will find a cyst that does not go away or that gets larger. The doctor may order tests to make sure that the cyst is not cancer. | SI GN Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network NHS Quality Improvement Scotland 99 Management of cervical cancer A national clinical guideline 1 Introduction 1 2 Multidisciplinary team working 3 3 Presentation and referral 4 4 Diagnosis and staging 6 5 Surgery 12 6 Non-surgical treatment 16 7 Treatment during pregnancy 21 8 Sexual morbidity 22 9 Lymphoedema 24 10 Follow up 27 11 Management of recurrent disease 30 12 Management of complications in advanced disease 34 13 Psychosocial care and support for patients and carers 40 14 Implementation and recommendations for research 48 15 Resource implications 50 16 Development of the guideline 52 Abbreviations 55 Annexes 57 References 67 January 2008 COPIES OF ALL SIGN GUIDELINES ARE AVAILABLE ONLINE AT KEY TO EVIDENCE STATEMENTS AND GRADES OF RECOMMENDATIONS LEVELS OF EVIDENCE 1 High quality meta-analyses systematic reviews of RCTs or RCTs with a very low risk of bias 1 Well conducted meta-analyses systematic reviews or RCTs with a low risk of bias 1 - Meta-analyses systematic reviews or RCTs with a high risk of bias 2 High quality systematic reviews of case control or cohort studies High quality case control or cohort studies with a very low risk of confounding or bias and a high probability that the relationship is causal 2 Well conducted case control or cohort studies with a low risk of confounding or bias and a moderate probability that the relationship is causal 2 - Case control or cohort studies with a high risk of confounding or bias and a significant risk that the relationship is not causal 3 Non-analytic studies eg case reports case series 4 Expert opinion GRADES OF RECOMMENDATION Note The grade of recommendation relates to the strength of the evidence on which the recommendation is based. It does not reflect the clinical importance of the recommendation. A B C D At least one meta-analysis systematic review or RCT rated as 1 and directly applicable to the target population or A body of .