tailieunhanh - Bridging the Emissions Gap

According to legislation introduced in 2001, Switzerland is already paying to install low-noise systems in its national railway vehicles. Vehicles fi tted with noise-reducing technologies are refunded CHF per axle kilometre travelled in Switzerland. This translates into a € bonus for a typical four-axle wagon on the 300 km Basel-Chiasso line, an important link in the Germany- Italy transit route. A complete freight train with composite brake blocks gets a €93 refund, which is 5% of the total track access charge. Swiss taxes cover the resulting reduced income to infrastructure operators. The Dutch infrastructure manager ‘ProRail’ has recently implemented a. | RM Bridging the Emissions Gap UNEP A UNEP Synthesis Report Published by the United Nations Environment Programme UNEP November 2011 Copyright UNEP 2011 ISBN 978-92-807-3229-0 DEW 1470 NA This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Applications for such permission with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction should be addressed to the Director DCPI UNEP P. O. Box 30552 Nairobi 00100 Kenya. Disclaimers Mention of a commercial company or product in this document does not imply endorsement by UNEP or the authors. The use of information from this document for publicity or advertising is not permitted. Trademark names and symbols are used in an editorial fashion with no intention on infringement on trademark or copyright laws. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. Images and illustrations as specified. Citation This document may be cited as UNEP 2011. Bridging the Emissions Gap. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP A digital copy of this report can be downloaded at http publications ebooks bridgingemissionsgap V UNEP promotes environmentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. This publication is printed on 100 recycled paper using vegetable based inks and other ecofriendly practices. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP s carbon footprint. B UNEP Bridging the Emissions Gap A UNEP Synthesis Report November .