tailieunhanh - Electroactive Polymers for Robotic Applications Kwang J. Kim and Satoshi Tadokoro

Technology is the making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, methods of organization, in order to solve a problem, improve a preexisting solution to a problem, achieve a goal, handle an applied input/output relation or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species' ability to control and adapt to their natural environments. The word technology comes from Greek τεχνολογία (technología); from τέχνη (téchnē), meaning "art, skill, craft", and -λογία (-logía), meaning "study of-".[1] The term. | Electroactive Polymers for Robotic Applications Kwang J. Kim and Satoshi Tadokoro Eds. Electroactive Polymers for Robotic Applications Artificial Muscles and Sensors -1 Springer Kwang J. Kim PhD Mechanical Engineering Department MS312 University of Nevada Reno NV 89557 USA Satoshi Tadokoro Dr. Eng. Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Sendai Japan British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Electroactive polymers for robotic applications artificial muscles and sensors - Control systems polymers Kwang Jin 1949- Satoshi 933 ISBN-13 9781846283710 ISBN-10 184628371X Library of Congress Control Number 2006938344 ISBN 978-1-84628-371-0 e-ISBN 978-1-84628-372-7 Printed on acid-free paper Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study or criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 this publication may only be reproduced stored or transmitted in any form or by any means with the prior permission in writing of the publishers or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names trademarks etc. in this publication does not imply even in the absence of a specific statement that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation express or implied with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. 98765432 1 Springer Science Business Media .