tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Cytochrome P450 metabolizing fatty acids in plants: characterization and physiological roles

In plants, fatty acids (FA) are subjected to various types of oxygenation reactions. Products include hydroxyacids, as well as hydroperoxides, epox-ides, aldehydes, ketones and a,x-diacids. Many of these reactions are cata-lysed by cytochrome P450s (P450s), which represent one of the largest superfamilies of proteins in plants. | 1FEBS Journal MINIREVIEW Cytochrome P450 metabolizing fatty acids in plants characterization and physiological roles Franck Pinot1 and Fred Beisson2 1 Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes. CNRS - Universite de Strasbourg Strasbourg France 2 Department of Plant Biology and EnvironmentalMicrobiology CEA CNRS Aix-Marseille University Cadarache France Keywords catabolism cutin cytochrome P450 defense epoxyacids fatty acid plant envelope reproduction sporopollenin suberin Correspondence F. Pinot IBMP-CNRS UPR 2357 Institut de Botanique 28 rue Goethe F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex France Fax 33 0 368851921 Tel 33 3 68 85 19 99 E-mail Received 22 June 2010 revised 15 September 2010 accepted 22 October 2010 doi In plants fatty acids FA are subjected to various types of oxygenation reactions. Products include hydroxyacids as well as hydroperoxides epoxides aldehydes ketones and a ro-diacids. Many of these reactions are catalysed by cytochrome P450s P450s which represent one of the largest superfamilies of proteins in plants. The existence of P450-type metabolizing FA enzymes in plants was established approximately four decades ago in studies on the biosynthesis of lipid polyesters. Biochemical investigations have highlighted two major characteristics of P450s acting on FAs a they can be inhibited by FA analogues carrying an acetylenic function and b they can be enhanced by biotic and abiotic stress at the transcriptional level. Based on these properties P450s capable of producing oxidized FA have been identified and characterized from various plant species. Until recently the vast majority of characterized P450s acting on FAs belonged to the CYP86 and CYP94 families. In the past five years rapid progress in the characterization of mutants in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has allowed the identification of such enzymes in many other P450 families . CYP703 CYP704 CYP709 CYP77 CYP74 . The presence in