tailieunhanh - Improving Medical Decisions Through Comparative Effectiveness Research: Cancer as a Case Study

Healthcare professionals should offer radical prostatectomy or radical radiotherapy (conformal) to men with intermediate-risk localised prostate cancer. Healthcare professionals should offer radical prostatectomy or radical radiotherapy (conformal) to men with high-risk localised prostate cancer where there is a realistic prospect of long-term disease control (see recommendations in Chapter 6). Brachytherapy is not recommended for men with high-risk localised prostate cancer. Clinical oncologists should use conformal radiotherapy for men with localised prostate cancer5 , receiving radical external beam radiotherapy. Men undergoing radical external beam radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer6 should receive a minimum dose of 74 Gy to. | Improving Medical Decisions Through Comparative Effectiveness Research Cancer as a Case Study Improving Medical Decisions Through Comparative Effectiveness Research Cancer as a Case Study CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 1. INTRODUCTION 5 2. FINDING OUT WHAT WORKS IN HEALTH CARE 6 A. Randomized Clinical Trials The Gold Standard for Evaluating Efficacy 6 B. Methodological Approaches to Evaluating Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness 8 C. Understanding How Subpopulations Respond to Medical Interventions 10 D. Generating Comparative Effectiveness Research in the United States and Other Countries 12 3. RECOMMENDATIONS 13 Recommendation 1 A comprehensive CER program should be developed to better identify the most effective health care options. 14 Recommendation 2 A comprehensive CER program should link data from public and private entities to build upon existing data collection efforts and research capabilities. 16 Recommendation 3 CER studies should support the development of personalized or stratified medicine. 19 Recommendation 4 Processes should be developed to ensure that information gained through CER is incorporated into clinical practice and better informs decisions made among patients their health care providers and payers. 22 Endnotes 25 1 I MPROVI NG Med I CAL Dec I SI ONS Through Comparative Effect iveness Research Cancer as a Case Study AUTHORS Co-Chairs Al Benson III MD FACP Associate Director for Clinical I nvestigations Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University Kim Lyerly MD Director Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center Committee Members Amy Abernathy MD Associate Professor of Medicine Division of Medical Oncology Director Duke Cancer Care Research Program Duke University School of Medicine David Alberts MD PhD Director Cancer Control and Prevention Arizona Cancer Center Carolyn Bo Aldige President Founder Prevent Cancer Foundation Jeff Allen PhD Executive Director Friends of Cancer Research Robert Bast MD Vice President for .

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