tailieunhanh - Community Participation and Geographic Information Systems - Chapter 8

Internet và World Wide Web (WWW) đã tạo ra nhiều cơ hội cho những người liên quan đến GIS và nghiên cứu hỗ trợ quyết định. Sản phẩm, và các ứng dụng GIS gần đây đã xuất hiện trên web (Carver và Peckham 1999), và các ứng dụng GIS đang trở nên thường xuyên hơn trong nhiều lĩnh vực (Doyle et al 1998.). Các hệ thống này có xu hướng khác nhau trong tự nhiên từ các cuộc biểu tình đơn giản GIS trên mạng phức tạp hơn và hệ thống hỗ trợ quyết định không gian. Với sự sẵn. | Chapter 8 Web-based PPGIS in the United Kingdom Richard Kingston INTRODUCTION The Internet and the World Wide Web WWW have created many opportunities for those involved in GIS and decision support research. Recently many GIS products and applications have appeared on the web Carver and Peckham 1999 and GIS applications are becoming more frequent in many fields Doyle et al. 1998 . These systems tend to vary in nature from simple demonstrations to more complex on-line GIS and spatial decision support systems. With the increased availability and use of GIS applications previous criticism of GIS as an elitist technology Pickles 1995 may no longer be valid. GIS and the WWW are ever evolving technologies with the potential for increasing public involvement in environmental decision-making. To gain an understanding of the potential benefit of web based PPGIS a real decision-making problem was used to develop live test and monitor public participation in local environmental decision-making. Traditional methods of public participation were examined by working closely with several organizations in the United Kingdom UK . The specific aims of this research have been to develop an example web based-PPGIS using a real decision problem analyse user responses to web-based PPGIS in order to evaluate the potential of these systems to democratize the decision-making process and theorize the future role of web-based PPGIS in improving public involvement and policy maker accountability in environmental decision-making. Opportunities for direct public involvement in environmental decisionmaking is currently limited in the UK. This is despite the fact that public participation in environmental decision-making in the UK has a relatively lengthy history. Ever since the first Town and Country Planning Act in 1947 varying degrees of public participation have existed although it was not 2002 Taylor Francis 102 R. Kingston until 1969 Skeffington 1969 that widespread public participation .