tailieunhanh - Community Participation and Geographic Information Systems - Chapter 7

Trong tháng Mười năm 1991, cựu Tổng thống Jimmy Carter đã công bố hỗ trợ của một sáng kiến toàn diện để hỗ trợ của người nghèo trong thành phố Atlanta, Dự án Atlanta (TAP). Phương pháp tiếp cận TAP được dựa trên nguyên tắc dân chủ hơn và trao quyền cho cộng đồng. Trong suốt lịch sử của nó, chương trình đã tìm cách cung cấp cho cư dân một tiếng nói và ý nghĩa của quyền lực trong việc xác định tương lai của cộng đồng của họ. Để đạt được những mục tiêu này, các tổ chức. | Chapter 7 The Atlanta Project reflections on PPGIS practice David S. Sawicki and Patrick Burke INTRODUCTION In October of 1991 former President Jimmy Carter announced his support of a comprehensive initiative to assist Atlanta s inner-city poor The Atlanta Project TAP . TAP s approach was based upon principles of greater democracy and community empowerment. Throughout its history the programme has sought to give residents a voice and a sense of power in determining the future of their communities. To achieve these objectives the organization adopted a structure to support a neighbourhood-based model of community change. TAP also made available centralized technical resources to support the community-building process. The Data and Policy Analysis group DAPA plays an important role in TAP s strategy to share expertise and resources with community organizations. DAPA is a partnership between The Atlanta Project and the Georgia Institute of Technology s graduate City Planning programme. It was one of the first neighbourhood data intermediaries established during the new era of microcomputer-based GIS technology. Our organization has worked for nearly a decade to increase access to GIS technology so that underserved residents and community organizations might utilize it for their own In this chapter we discuss two fundamental issues regarding PPGIS community accessibility to GIS technology and the role of GIS within community decision-making. The method of access and level of citizen engagement directly impact measures of empowerment. Second we examine the role of GIS technology within the context of community decision-making and empowerment. We describe our work with two sample case studies. Clear tensions exist between community decision-making models that utilize and rely upon technical expertise and ones that advocate a participatory approach. In the long debate in urban planning regarding models of decision-making some suggest that these .