tailieunhanh - Environmental aspects of textile dyeing - Chapter 4

Thuốc nhuộm có được áp dụng đối với nền dệt may và các hàng ngàn năm, và dyers và nhà cung cấp của họ đã liên tục tìm cách để phát triển các quy trình và sản phẩm mới dẫn đến kết quả tốt hơn hoặc chi phí thấp hơn, lần lượt dịch vào lợi ích thương mại. Trong vài thập kỷ qua, tác động môi trường của những sản phẩm và quy trình đã trở thành một phần ngày càng lớn của nhiệm vụ nhuộm. Với sự nhấn mạnh ngày càng tăng đối với môi trường, người ta thường. | 4 Environmentally responsible dye application M. BIDE University of Rhode Island USA Introduction Dyes have been applied to textile and other substrates for thousands of years and dyers and their suppliers have continually sought to develop new processes and products that lead to better results or lower costs in turn translating into commercial gain. Over the last few decades the environmental impact of those products and processes has become an increasingly large part of the dyer s task. Given the growing emphasis on the environment it is common to have almost any technical advance in the application of dyes be it dye auxiliary or machine claimed as environmentally beneficial however spurious such a claim might be. Distinguishing real environmental advantage from apparent is not easy. In seeking to achieve environmental responsibility in dye application there is no single solution since there is no single definition of what is green or environmentally responsible. Even in a rare case where a dyeing operation is planned from first principles with environmental responsibility as a main goal the best approach might be widely debated. More realistically existing operations can be made greener in many ways with the different approaches each tending to answer a particular perceived impact. Local circumstances will often dictate which path is the preferred one. A recurring theme in the efforts to become more environmentally responsible is one of swings and roundabouts a change made in one aspect of a dye application process for environmental reasons can often negatively impact another part of the process. Environmentally responsible dye application involves the principles of pollution prevention that were developed and promulgated in the early 1990s with the hierarchy of reduce reuse recycle .1 This replaced the earlier end-of-pipe response to growing environmental legislation. A common mantra of the environmentally concerned is think globally act locally and this .