tailieunhanh - PREVENTING DISEASE THROUGH HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS: Towards an estimate of the environmental burden of disease

This report confirms that approximately one-quarter of the global disease burden, and more than one-third of the burden among children, is due to modifiable environmental factors. The analysis here also goes a step further, and systematically analyzes how different diseases are impacted by environmental risks and by 'how much.' Heading that list are diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, various forms of unintentional injuries, and malaria. This 'environmentally-mediated' disease burden is much higher in the developing world than in developed countries - although in the case of certain non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers, the per capita disease burden is larger in developed countries. Children bear the highest death toll. | Towards an estimate of the environmental burden of disease PREVENTING DISEASE THROUGH HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS PREVENTING DISEASE THROUGH HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS Towards an estimate of the environmental burden of disease A. Pruss-Ustun and C. Corvalán ỂắteịỊỊỉ World Health Organization WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Pruss-Ustun Annette. Preventing disease through healthy environments. Towards an estimate of the environmental burden of disease. Pruss-Ustun A Corvalán C. 1. Environmental monitoring. 2. Cost of illness. 3. Risk factors. I. Corvalán Carlos F. II. World Health Organization. ISBN 92 4 159382 2 NLM classification WA World Health Organization 2006 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia 1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland tel 41 22 791 3264 fax 41 22 791 4857 email bookorders@ . Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications - whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution - should be addressed to WHO Press at the above address fax 41 22 791 4806 email permissions@ . The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country territory city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the .