tailieunhanh - BIOMES OF THE EARTH - OCEANS Phần 10

Tham khảo tài liệu 'biomes of the earth - oceans phần 10', ngoại ngữ, anh ngữ phổ thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 232 OCEANS lava molten rock magma on Earth s surface limestone sedimentary rock containing mostly calcium carbonate lithosphere the outer rocky layer of the Earth comprising the crust and upper part of the MANTLE. About 20 plates make up the lithosphere longitude a measure of angular distance in an east-west direction. The Greenwich Meridian an imaginary line passing north to south through Greenwich London is zero degrees longitude. The International Date Line is 180 longitude longshore drift the movement of sediment along a shore caused by waves winds and currents. magma molten rock beneath Earth s surface mangrove common name for any of several species of trees and shrubs that dominate the INTERTIDAL ZONE on many tropical and subtropical shores mantle the layer of dense hot rock lying between Earth s crust and core. The lower mantle flows slowly like a thick molasses causing plates to move mariculture the farming of marine organisms marine protected area MPA a region of the ocean under special legal protection typically to conserve its habitats and communities of organisms meiofauna minute animals that live between sediment particles mid-ocean ridge a mountain chain on the ocean floor formed where plates are moving apart. It is the birthplace of new ocean floor migration the mass movement of animals from one region to another usually to find food or a breeding place monsoon a seasonal reversal in prevailing wind direction that occurs in the Tropics navigation the process of establishing location and direction to find the way to a particular destination nekton aquatic animals that can swim powerfully against currents nutrients substances such as nitrates and phosphates that plants need in small amounts to make organic carbonbased substances by photosynthesis ocean the continuous expanse of salt water that covers 71 percent of Earth s surface. The term also refers to one of the five oceans Arctic Atlantic Indian Pacific and Southern GLOSSARY 233 ocean basin a .