tailieunhanh - Hazardous Industrial Waste Treatment - Chapter 10

Sản phẩm gỗ công nghiệp chế biến bao gồm các nhà sản xuất và chế biến sử dụng nguyên liệu rừng sản xuất hàng hóa và hàng hóa của họ. Mười lăm tiểu thể loại riêng biệt của các nhà sản xuất và / hoặc các bộ vi xử lý đang tham gia vào việc sử dụng gỗ. Chương này đề cập đến ba tiểu mục chính của toàn bộ ngành công nghiệp: (a) bảo quản gỗ, cả hai hấp và quá trình Boulton, (b) hội đồng quản trị sản xuất vật liệu cách nhiệt, và (c) cả hai ướt. | 10 Treatment of Timber Industry Wastes Lawrence K. Wang Zorex Corporation Newtonville New York . and Lenox Institute of Water Technology Lenox Massachusetts . INTRODUCTION The timber products processing industry encompasses manufacturers and processors who use forest materials to produce their goods and merchandise. Fifteen distinct subcategories of manufacturers and or processors are engaged in the utilization of timber. This chapter addresses three major subsections of the entire industry a wood preserving both steaming and Boulton processes b insulation board manufacturing and c both wet-wet S1S or smooth one side and wet-dry S2S or smooth two side hardboard manufacturing. The number of dischargers in the timber products processing industry in the United States can be broken down as follows a 19 direct dischargers b 55 indirect dischargers and c 172 zero dischargers. Water Pollution The timber industry treats timber and wood products with chemical preservatives to protect the wood from degradation due to various organisms including fungi and insects such as borers and termites. This treatment extends the range of applications and the service life of the wood. By design the chemicals used to protect wood must be toxic to the target organisms but they may also affect nontarget organisms and the environment 1 . The following groups of preservatives are commonly used for wood preservation a copper chrome arsenate CCA b copper-based alternatives to CCA ammoniacal copper quaternary ACQ and copper azole c boron d creosote and e pyrethroid- and metalbased light organic solvent preservatives LOSPs . Section presents a complete list of toxic chemicals used in wood preservation in the United States. Copper chrome arsenate also known as CCA or chromated copper arsenate consists of three metals copper chromium and arsenic. All three metals pose a risk to the environment. Both hexavalent chromium and arsenic can cause cancer in humans. The CCA .