tailieunhanh - Geography and Oceanography - Chapter 23

Tham khảo tài liệu 'geography and oceanography - chapter 23', khoa học tự nhiên, địa lý phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Biological Productivity Chapter 10 Conditions for Life in the Sea Consider the main biochemical reaction for life in the sea, and on earth in general: 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy + nutrients = C6H12O6 + 6O2 Focus on left side of equation What is in short supply in the sea and thus limits the amount of life in the ocean?? Absorbing Nutrients 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy + nutrients = C6H12O6 + 6O2 Phytoplankton are base of the food chain Most important primary producers of complex sugars and oxygen Lauderia sp. Open Ocean Food Webs Barrie Kovish Vicki Fabry ARCOD@ Pacific Salmon Copepods Coccolithophores Pteropods Sinking Organic Debris Present Ocean Food Web – Complex ecosystem interactions based on a low CO2 ocean Microbial Remineralization Primary Producers Zooplankton Food Web Upper Trophic Levels Seafloor community Provided by James Barry MBARI Ocean Food Web Absorbing Nutrients Nutrients absorbed by plants through diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane Lauderia sp. Diffusion: molecules move from high to low concentrations Which Nutrients are in Short Supply? Nitrogen (N) as Nitrate NO3 (-2) Phosphorus (P) as Phosphate PO4 (-2) Silicon (Si) as Silicate SiO4 (-2) Phosphate and Nitrate in the Pacific Silicate in the Pacific Biolimiting Nutrients N, P, and Si are exhausted first in Eq. surface waters during photosynthesis Essential to the growth of phytoplankton If these biolimiting nutrients increase in sea water, life increases If these biolimiting nutrients decrease in sea water, life decreases Where would you expect to find the highest biomass in the Pacific?? CZCS Global Primary Production WHAT TIME OF YEAR WAS THIS IMAGE TAKEN? (SUMMER, off Oregon, cold-nutrient rich waters, upwelling in response to N-S winds) Measure of the greeness or amount of biomass Measures light scattered and reflected upward through the ocean surface - its “color” Reflection = reflection of light at SURFACE; does not interact with ocean at depth Emission = light has .