tailieunhanh - WATER RESOURCES IN THE MEKONG DELTA: A HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT, A FUTURE OF CHANGE

Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long được đặc trưng bởi sự thay đổi xảy ra trên một phạm vi rộng của không gian quy mô và thời gian. Trong quá khứ, đồng bằng nằm chìm dưới biển và ngày nay nó vẫn tiếp tục tích tụ trầm tích từ xa như Hy Mã Lạp Sơn để vùng đồng bằng liên tục thay đổi và khai hoang đất từ biển. Trong thực tế, bởi vì sự phụ thuộc của vùng đồng bằng trên một kết hợp các chức năng hệ sinh thái bao gồm cả thủy triều, lượng mưa, và xói mòn hoạt động trong một khoảng. | WATER RESOURCES IN THE MEKONG DELTA A HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT A FUTURE OF CHANGE Dr To Van Truonga Tarek Ketelsenb Introduction The Mekong Delta is characterized by change which occur over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. In the past the delta lay submerged below the sea and today it continues to accumulate sediments from as far away as the Himalayas so that the delta is constantly changing and reclaiming land from the sea. In fact because of the delta s dependence on a combination of ecosystem functions including tides rainfall and erosion that operate over a short timeframe it is highly susceptible to human and environmental change. Now the Mekong Delta a fringing ecosystem between terrestrial and marine environments is facing perhaps the most devastating change of all unique because Climate Change is bringing changes at a rate unprecedented in recent history. Whereas in the past change was a comparatively slow phenomenon with patterns set in motion over thousands of years current changes require a sense of urgency as significant changes to the hydrologic regime are occurring over decades and even years requiring water management initiatives that are flexible and capable of evolving and adapting close to the speed at which climate change is occurring. Change has therefore become an issue because of the accelerated scale at which it is operating in both biophysical and socio-economic environments. Regardless of what mitigation efforts are taken internationally climate change impacts for the next 40 years are inevitable IPCC 2007 . After 2050 the impacts of climate change will largely depend on how we as an international community respond today but changes to sea levels rainfall regimes and storm frequencies before 2050 are determined by current levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. This means that for the vulnerable communities in the world adaptation is the most urgent issue. Furthermore most impacts of climate change will be transferred to human and .