tailieunhanh - Hình ảnh cộng hưởng từ cột sống

Chụp cộng hưởng từ là một phương thức tuyệt vời cho hình ảnh cột sống trẻ em. Yêu cầu thành công của nó sử dụng sự hiểu biết các vật lý cơ bản của giao thức an thần Cả hai và cần thiết để có được độ phân giải cao hình ảnh. Giải thích hình ảnh phụ thuộc vào chính xác | Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Pediatric Spine A. Jay Khanna MD Bruce A. Wasserman MD and Paul D. Sponseller MD Abstract Magnetic resonance is an excellent modality for imaging the pediatric spine. Its successful use requires understanding both the basic physics and the sedation protocols necessary for acquiring high-resolution images. Interpreting the images accurately depends on appreciating the differences between the normal anatomy of the pediatric and the adult spine. Evaluating the images requires familiarity with the differential diagnosis of pediatric spine disease including the most common processes infections neoplasms and trauma as well as spinal dysraphism. Despite the acknowledged usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging of the pediatric spine controversies remain related to its safety in this age group and its limitations in diagnosing and evaluating scoliosis and tethered cord syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2003 11 248-259 Magnetic resonance is an excellent modality for imaging pathologic processes in the pediatric spine. It allows high-resolution views of not only osseous structures including the vertebral body spinal canal and posterior elements but also soft-tissue structures including the spinal cord intervertebral disk and nerve roots . Magnetic resonance imaging MRI can show these structures in various planes using different pulse sequences that allow optimal characterization of the tissues in and around the pediatric spine. Indications for MRI in children 18 years are gradually expanding as technology improves. Properly interpreting MRI scans in these age groups depends on understanding the MRI appearance of the normal pediatric spine anatomy at various stages of development. For entities such as spinal dysraphism left thoracic curves and juvenile scoliosis spe-ci c recommendations can help clinicians use MRI effectively. MRI Techniques The major factors that influence the MRI appearance of various tissues are the density of protons in the