tailieunhanh - Vẹo cổ bẩm sinh cơ bắp

Hầu hết các biến thể quay ở trẻ nhỏ, như vậy là trong toeing, toeing-out, và vẹo cổ, là lành tính và tự bốc giải quyết. Tìm hiểu về các biến thể bình thường ở trẻ em khỏe mạnh IS Nếu không quan trọng để Xác định đúng cấu trúc bất thường đó đòi hỏi phải can thiệp. Một đánh giá của hồ sơ cá nhân cố ý quay | Common Rotational Variations in Children Todd L. Lincoln MD and Patrick W. Suen MD Abstract Most rotational variations in young children such as in-toeing out-toeing and torticollis are benign and resolve spontaneously. Understanding the normal variations in otherwise healthy children is vital to identifying true structural abnormalities that require intervention. A deliberate assessment of the rotational pro le is necessary when evaluating children who in-toe or out-toe. In-toeing is usually attributable to metatarsus adductus in the infant internal tibial torsion in the toddler and femoral anteversion in children younger than 10 years. Out-toeing patterns largely result from external rotation hip contracture external tibial torsion and external femoral torsion. Although congenital muscular torticollis is the most common explanation for the atypical head posture in children more serious disorders including osseous malformations inHammation and neurogenic disorders should be excluded. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2003 11 312-320 Benign rotational variations such as in-toeing out-toeing and torticollis are seen in many healthy children. Although the physical appearance of these conditions may initially be alarming spontaneous resolution occurs in most cases. Athorough understanding of the normal rotational variations that may occur in children younger than 10 years is essential to properly reassure and educate families as well as to identify more serious underlying structural problems that might exist. In-toeing and Out-toeing Natural History Limb buds appear in the fth week in utero. The great toes develop in a preaxial position rotating medially in the seventh week to bring the hallux to midline. Subsequent intrauterine molding causes external rotation at the hip internal rotation of the tibia and variable positioning of the foot. Thus many infants are born with an internal tibial torsion axis an external contracture at the hip or flexible foot deformities. The external