tailieunhanh - MULTI - SCALE INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF AGROECOSYSTEMS - CHAPTER 11 (end)

Quy mô tích hợp Multi-Phân tích các hệ thống canh tác: Điểm chuẩn và May Cơ quan đại diện trên cấp độ * Chương này diễn tả phân tích hệ thống canh tác, một chủ đề mà đòi hỏi phải xử lý với tất cả các loại hình của vấn đề nhận thức luận liên quan đến phức tạp đã thảo luận cho đến nay. Một kiến thức hữu ích của hệ thống canh tác, trên thực tế, phải được dựa trên một tiết mục của các loại hình của hệ thống canh tác. Mặt khác, tất cả các hệ thống. | 11 Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Farming Systems Benchmarking and Tailoring Representations across Levels This chapter deals with farming system analysis a topic that entails dealing with all the typologies of epistemological problems associated with complexity discussed so far. A useful knowledge of farming systems in fact has to be based on a repertoire of typologies of farming systems. On the other hand all farming systems are special in the sense that their representations must include the specificity of their history and the specificity of local constraints. To make things more difficult the very concept of farming systems implies dealing with a system that is operating within two nonequivalent contexts a socioeconomic context and an ecological context. That is any real farm is operating within a given typology of socioeconomic system and within a given typology of ecosystem. The two identities of these two contexts are very important when selecting an analytical representation of a farming system. In fact a typology of farming system has to be related by definition to an expected associative context. This is the step where concepts such as impredicative loop analysis ILA and multi-criteria performance space MCPS become crucial. In fact they make it possible to characterize the reciprocal constraints associated with the dynamic budget of the farming system considered which is interacting with its two contexts exchanging flows of energy matter and added value. A given selection of typologies used to represent its identity system typical size metabolic flows considered has to be compatible with the set of typologies used to represent the identities of its socioeconomic and ecological context. This chapter is organized in three sections. Section introduces in general terms basic concepts related to farming system analysis found in literature. These concepts are translated into a narrative compatible with the theoretical concepts and analytical tools .