tailieunhanh - Thermal Remote Sensing in Land Surface Processes - Chapter 9

Thiết lập một vai trò cho các cảm biến nhiệt từ xa Hệ sinh thái hệ thống nhiệt động lực học phức tạp phát triển trong thời gian. Nhiệt động lực học là nghiên cứu về năng lượng. Năng lượng được đặc trưng bởi độ lớn, hình thức, chất lượng và. Trong khi các khái niệm về cường độ năng lượng (ví dụ như lượng calo, jun, watt, mã lực) và hình thức năng lượng (ví dụ như động năng, năng lượng tiềm năng, năng lượng hóa học, truyền nhiệt, chuyển giao công việc) được giới thiệu trong trường tiểu học. | Chapter 9 Exergy analysis of ecosystems Establishing a role for thermal remote sensing Roydon A. Fraser and James J. Kay Introduction Ecosystems are complex thermodynamic systems that evolve in time. Thermodynamics is the study of energy. Energy is characterized by magnitude form and quality. While the concept of energy magnitude . calorie joule watt horsepower and energy form . kinetic energy potential energy chemical energy heat transfer work transfer are introduced in elementary or high school few are familiar with the concept of energy quality especially its quantification. Energy quality measures the capacity of energy in its various forms to do useful work. Interestingly it is the quality of energy that provides an explanation for the continued existence of life on earth Edgerton 1982 Kay 1984 Schneider and Kay 1994 and hence the existence of ecosystems. That is the quality aspect of energy makes it possible to obtain and maintain organization in the form of life from a soup of disordered basic atomic elements. Of more immediate interest the study of energy quality has the potential to provide a quantitative method to characterize the status maturity or stage of development of ecosystems and to provide fundamental physical explanations at least in part as to survival strategies and structures employed within ecosystems as they evolve. The objective of this chapter is to establish the theoretical foundations required to quantitatively apply the energy quality concept to the study of ecosystems. The pseudo-property1 of maximum useful2 to-the-dead-state2 work commonly referred to by the specialized name exergy 4 will be the tool employed to quantify the quality aspect of In the process of establishing the foundations of the exergy concept and consistent with the thermal remote sensing theme of this book a role for ecosystem surface temperature measurements is identified see section on A possible role for ecosystem surface temperature .