tailieunhanh - MULTI - SCALE INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF AGROECOSYSTEMS - CHAPTER 5

Tích hợp Đánh giá Agroecosystems và Phân tích MultiCriteria: Các định nghĩa và thách thức cơ bản Chương này giải quyết những thách thức cụ thể phải đối mặt với các nhà khoa học sẵn sàng đóng góp vào một quá trình đánh giá tổng hợp. Đánh giá tổng hợp, khi áp dụng cho các vấn đề bền vững, phải được kết hợp với nhiều tiêu chí phân tích (MCA) của hiệu suất, mà theo định nghĩa, là gây tranh cãi. Điều này sẽ đòi hỏi (1) một phân tích sơ bộ thể chế và xung đột (để xác định các. | 5 Integrated Assessment of Agroecosystems and MultiCriteria Analysis Basic Definitions and Challenges This chapter addresses the specific challenges faced by scientists willing to contribute to a process of integrated assessment. Integrated assessment when applied to the issue of sustainability has to be associated with a multi-criteria analysis MCA of performance which by definition is controversial. This in turn requires 1 a preliminary institutional and conflict analysis to define what are the relevant social actors and agents whose perceptions and values should be considered in the analysis and what are the power relations among them 2 the development ofappropriate procedures able to be involved in the discussion about indicators options and scenarios on the largest number of relevant social actors and 3 the development offair and effective mechanisms of decision making. The continuous switching of causes and effects among the activities related to both the descriptive and normative dimensions makes this discussion extremely delicate. Scientists describe what is considered relevant by social actors and social actors consider relevant what is described by scientists. The two decisions 1 who are the social actors included in this process and 2 what should be considered relevant when facing legitimate but contrasting views among the social actors are key issues that have to be seriously considered by the scientists in charge of generating the descriptions used for the integrated assessment. This is why in this chapter I decided to provide an overview of terms and problems related to this relatively new field. Sustainability of Agriculture and the Inherent Ambiguity of the Term Agroecology The two terms included in the title of this chapter integrated assessment and agroecosystems are terms about which it is almost impossible to find definitions that will generate consensus. In fact integrated assessment is a neologism that is becoming more and more popular in